Thursday December 12, 2024
Private Letter Ruling
IRS Approves Scholarship Procedures
Foundation plans to operate a scholarship program that will provide scholarships to the students of high school B that are American citizens of a particular descent. The scholarships will provide annual scholarships to high school graduates who plan to attend college in the United States. Foundation will publicize the scholarship opportunity in newspapers in a specific area. To be eligible for the scholarships, students must have graduated from high school B with at least a 3.0 grade point average and plan to attend a four-year college or university. Students must also submit a personal statement, a copy of their high school transcript, two letters of recommendation and a copy of their recent federal income tax return or FAFSA report. A significant weight in the selection process will be given to the students with financial need. With all other factors being equal, students with the greatest financial need will receive priority in the final selection process. Foundation requested advance approval of its scholarship procedures under Sec. 4945(g).
Under Sec. 4945, there is an excise tax on taxable expenditures of private foundations. A taxable expenditure is any amount paid to an individual for travel, study or other similar purposes. Under Sec. 4945(g), an expenditure is not taxable if it is awarded on an objective and nondiscriminatory basis, the IRS approves the grant procedures in advance, the grant is a scholarship or fellowship subject to Sec. 117(a) and the grant is to be used for study at an educational organization described in Sec. 170(b)(1)(A)(ii). Here, the Service determined that Foundation’s scholarship procedures met the requirements of Sec. 4945(g). Thus, the scholarship and grant programs will not be considered a taxable expenditure.
1/19/2024 (10/23/2023)
Dear * * *:
You asked for advance approval of your scholarship procedures under Internal Revenue Code (IRC) Section 4945(g)(1). You requested approval of your scholarship program to fund the education of certain qualifying students.
This approval is required because IRC Section 4945 provides for the imposition of taxes on each taxable expenditure of a private foundation. IRC Section 4945(d)(3) provides that the term "taxable expenditure" includes any amount paid or incurred by a private foundation as a grant to an individual for travel, study, or similar purposes by the individual, unless the grant satisfies the advance approval requirement of IRC Section 4945(g).
Our determination
We approved your procedures for awarding scholarships. Based on the information you submitted, and assuming you will conduct your program as proposed, we determined that your procedures for awarding scholarships meet the requirements of IRC Section 4945(g)(1). As a result, expenditures you make under these procedures won't be taxable.
Additionally, awards made under these procedures are scholarship or fellowship grants and are not taxable to the recipients if they use them for qualified tuition and related expenses (subject to the limitations provided in IRC Section 117(b)).
Description of your request
Your letter indicates you will operate a scholarship program for the B high school students who are American citizens of C descent. You expect to provide at least D scholarships for y dollars annually to high school graduates who plan to attend college in the United States. You will publicize in newspapers that are known to have a large C readership in the E area.
In order to apply for the scholarship awards, the applicants must:
- Be a student at a high school in B who plans to attend a four-year college or university with at least a 3.0 grade point average,
- Submit a personal statement on why they wish to be considered for the scholarship,
- Submit a copy of their high school transcript,
- Submit two letters of recommendation from a teacher, administrator, or other person who knows the applicant's abilities and character, and
- Submit a copy of their recent federal income tax return or FAFSA report.
Criteria the selection committee uses are:
- Financial need,
- Leadership which includes degree of responsibility in students and community offices and the amount of time the office(s) required, classes taken in high school or college while in high school, career goals, and honors and awards,
- Grade point average which includes the course level, number of courses taken, student involvement in extracurricular school activities, and special circumstances if less than 3.0 grade point average, and
- Letters of recommendation.
Currently, you don't plan to offer any scholarship renewals. In the future, if you choose to offer scholarship renewals, each recipient must submit a written request either by letter or email along with the following:
- A statement requesting renewal within 60 days of the end of the academic year,
- A copy of their transcript for the immediate prior academic year that shows a minimum of a 3.0 grade point average,
- A copy of their recent federal income tax return or FAFSA report to demonstrate financial need, and
- A copy of their college or university attendance cost for the upcoming academic year.
You represent that you will complete the following:
- Arrange to receive and review grantee reports annually and upon completion of the purpose for which the grant was awarded,
- Investigate diversion of funds from their intended purposes,
- Take all reasonable and appropriate steps to recover the diverted funds and ensure other grant funds held by a grantee are used for their intended purposes, and
- Withhold further payments to grantees until you obtain grantees' assurances that future diversions will not occur and that grantees will take extraordinary precautions to prevent future diversion from occurring.
- Maintain all records relating to individual grants including information obtained to evaluate grantees,
- Identify a grantee is a disqualified person,
- Establish the amount and purpose of each grant, and
- Establish that you undertook the supervision and investigation of grants described above.
Basis for our determination
IRC Section 4945 imposes excise taxes on the taxable expenditures of private foundations. A taxable expenditure is any amount a private foundation pays as a grant to an individual for travel, study or other similar purposes. However, a grant that meets all the following requirements of IRC Section 4945(g) is not a taxable expenditure.
- The foundation awards the grant on an objective and nondiscriminatory basis.
- The IRS approves in advance the procedure for awarding the grant.
- The grant is a scholarship or fellowship subject to the provisions of IRC Section 117(a).
- The grant is to be used for study at an educational organization described in IRC Section 170(b)(1)(A)(ii).
Other conditions that apply to this determination
- This determination only covers the grant program described above. This approval will apply to succeeding grant programs only if their standards and procedures don't differ significantly from those described in your original request.
- This determination applies only to you. It may not be cited as a precedent.
- You cannot rely on the conclusions in this letter if the facts you provided have changed substantially.
- You must report any significant changes to your program to the IRS at:
Internal Revenue Service
Exempt Organizations Determinations
TE/GE Stop 31A Team 105
P.O.Box 12192
Covington, KY 41012-0192 - You can't award grants to your creators, officers, directors, trustees, foundation managers, or members of selection committees or their relatives.
- All funds distributed to individuals must be made on a charitable basis and further the purposes of your organization. You cannot award grants for a purpose that is inconsistent with IRC Section 170(c)(2)(B).
- You should keep adequate records and case histories so that you can substantiate your grant distributions with the IRS if necessary.
- If you disagree with our proposed deletions, follow the instructions in the Letter 437 on how to notify us.
- If you agree with our deletions, you don't need to take any further action.
Please keep a copy of this letter in your records.
If you have questions, you can contact the person shown at the top of this letter.
Sincerely,
Stephen A. Martin
Director, Exempt Organizations
Rulings and Agreements
Enclosures:
Letter 437
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